Since the Chinese Communist Party took control of East Turkistan in 1949, the Uyghurs have consistently faced political oppression. In the early 1950s, the Chinese government launched the "Democratic Reform" campaign to eradicate feudalism and promote communism throughout the country, including East Turkistan. The campaign involved various measures, such as land reforms, which resulted in the confiscation of Uyghur-owned lands. Additionally, political purges were carried out, targeting Uyghur elites and undermining Uyghur autonomy.​​

We must highlight the rebellious leader, Osman Batur, who fought against the Chinese and Russian invaders, aiming to liberate East Turkestan.  In 1951, he was arrested and executed by the Chinese government. 

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Chinese government launched the "Great Leap Forward" campaign to propel China into a modern socialist society. However, the campaign led to widespread famine throughout China, severely affecting East Turkistan. The people of East Turkistan, already marginalized by the government, endured immense hardships during this period, with hundreds and thousands dying from starvation.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5F-2ASwAsWU&t=189s